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| 智顗的「三因佛性」思想及應用：兼論印順的評斷=“Buddha-nature” in Zhiyi’s Thoughts and Its Application: along with Reviewing Yinshun’s Commentary | ||
| 作者 | 黃滎欽 (著)=Ooi, Yeng Khim (au.) |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | 中華佛學研究=Chung-Hwa Buddhist Studies |
| 卷期 | n.25 |
| 出版日期 | 2024.12 |
| 頁次 | 31 - 62 |
| 出版者 | 中華佛學研究所=Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.chibs.edu.tw/ |
| 出版地 | 新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 中文=Chinese |
| 關鍵詞 | 智顗=Zhiyi; 三因佛性=Three-causes Buddha-nature; 印順=Yinshun; 性空=Emptiness of nature; 天台學=Tiantai studies |
| 摘要 | 本文以文獻彙整分析智顗的「佛性」思想，指出其對「佛性」的創新詮釋，除將《涅槃經》的「佛性」二因，延伸詮釋成「三因佛性」，對「佛性」的拆分再組合並賦予更深的意義，更是一種獨特的方式，也是漢語字詞可以呈現的特點 。從《法華玄義》中，明顯可讀到的是，智顗「佛性」思想的應用，包括：以「佛性」說明別教與圓教的入實相四門，以「三因佛性」作為建構「三軌」義的十種三法之一，以「佛性」常住及「三因佛性」非難「南三北七」的判教 。印順對智顗「佛性」思想的評斷與不同看法：一、對於智顗將《涅槃經》「佛性」二種因詮解成「三因佛性」，印順似乎不太認同；筆者以為，從另一角度來看，這也正是智顗的創意，把「佛性」說得更完善，更具有實踐性，在佛法弘化脈絡底下是可以理解的 。二、印順認為，智顗以《涅槃經》「真常佛性」解《法華經》「佛之知見」，造成後人對《法華經》的理解從「性空」轉向「真常」，以及進而延伸出「佛性」是本有還是當有的問題；筆者以為，這是見仁見智的角度問題，從天台學的觀點來看，依四句可解，無論是說有、空、亦有亦空、非有非空，或本有、當有、亦本有亦當有、非本有非當有，皆為隨機說法，破眾生我、法二執，令見佛性、住大涅槃 。 This paper reviews and consolidates in the literature about the thoughts of "Buddha-nature" of Zhiyi, highlighting his innovative interpretations. By extending the two-causes "Buddha-nature" in the Mahaparinirvāņa Sūtra to a three-causes "Buddha-nature" system, Zhiyi reinterpreted and reassembled the concept of "Buddha-nature," to render a deeper meaning. In addition, such a unique approach is characteristic of expression in Chinese. In The Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sutra, it is evident that Zhiyi applied his concept of "Buddha-nature" in several ways, including: using "Buddha-nature" to explain the four entries into the ultimate reality in the separate and perfect teachings; employing the "three-causes Buddha-nature" as one of the ten sets of triplets to constitue the "threefold track" frame; and using the permanence of "Buddha-nature" and the "three-causes Buddha-nature" to critique the "three Southern and seven Northern" masters classification of teachings. Master Yinshun's commentary on Zhiyi's "Buddha-nature" thought are as follows: Firstly, Yinshun seems to disagree with Zhiyi's interpretation of the two causes of "Buddha-nature" from the Mahāparinirvāņa Sutra as "three-causes Buddha-nature". Nonetheless, this just reflects Zhiyi's creativity, making the concept of "Buddha-nature" more comprehensive and applicable which is more understandable in the context of spreading of Buddhism. Secondly, Yinshun believes that Zhiyi's applying the "true permanent Buddha-nature" from the Mahaparinirvāņa Sūtra to explain the "Buddha's knowledge and insight" in the Lotus Sutra has caused later generations to shift their understanding of the Lotus Sutra from "emptiness of nature" to "true permanence," and has further raised the issue of whether "Buddha-nature" is inherent or acquired. From the perspective of Tiantai, however, this is a matter of viewpoint. Using the fourfold reasoning (catuskoți), whether it is described as existent, empty, both existent and empty, or neither existent nor empty; or inherent, acquired, both inherent and acquired, or neither inherent nor acquired, all these are expedient teachings meant to break the dualistic attachments to the self and dharma, thereby enabling the realization of Buddha-nature and abiding in great nirvana. |
| 目次 | 一、 前言 33 二、 智顗的「佛性」思想 34 （一） 「佛性」的涵義 34 （二） 「佛性」的異名與同義 36 （三） 「三因佛性」——創新的詮釋 40 三、 智顗「佛性」思想之應用 45 （一） 以「佛性」說明別教與圓教入實相之四門 45 （二） 以「三因佛性」建構「三軌」義 47 （三） 以「佛性」常住及「三因佛性」非難南北判教 49 （四） 小結 51 四、 印順對智顗「佛性」思想的評斷 53 （一） 針對《涅槃經》二種因及「三因佛性」 53 （二） 針對「正因佛性」、「了因佛性」與「佛性常住」 54 五、 結論 56 |
| ISSN | 1026969X (P) |
| 點閱次數 | 1 |
| 建檔日期 | 2026.01.14 |
| 更新日期 | 2026.01.14 |
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