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| Putting the Festival Participants Back into the Festival: Rethinking Communal Identity Formation in Buddhist Cham Festivals in Bhutan | ||
| 作者 | Wulff, Mareike (著) |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | Journal of Bhutan Studies |
| 卷期 | v.40 Summer |
| 出版日期 | 2019 |
| 頁次 | 9 - 61 |
| 出版者 | The Centre for Bhutan Studies |
| 出版者網址 | https://www.bhutanstudies.org.bt/ |
| 出版地 | Thimphu, Bhutan [廷布, 不丹] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 附註項 | Author Affiliation: PhD Candidate, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany. |
| 關鍵詞 | age grades; agency; Bhutan; cham; communal identity; community; festival; liturgical rituals; rite of passage; status; Vajrayana Buddhism |
| 摘要 | This paper investigates how the practice of communal festivals in Bhutan results in forming communal identity, with a focus on Vajrayana Buddhist cham1 festivals. It seeks to close the gap between scholarly publications that address the formal content of festivals, and arguments for identity formation as an outcome of festival practices by centring the festival participants between these two positions. Drawing on the results of my long-term case study of the Korphu Drub, a cham festival performed by the Korphu community in Trongsa District, the paper shows how social actors carry out festival action in relation to their status and knowledge as community members throughout time. I trace the different age grades and genders in their lives coming along with specific social statuses, and connect these to the changing ascribed / achieved positions and works taken up during the festivals throughout one lifetime. This is to show how communal identity evolves as an ongoing process of reflexivity between the individual festival participant and his/her community. Last, I relate my observations to the concept of rites of passage and propose that the Korphu Drub can be understood as a substitute for missing rites of passage in Korphu, which additionally fosters identification with one’s community. |
| 目次 | Abstract 9 Keywords 9 Introduction 10 Increased interest in communal cham festivals as facilitators of identity 12 Communal Identity 17 Taking the Festival Participants into Account 19 i. Three basic characteristics of cham festival participants: ‘community’, ‘status’ and ‘knowledge’ and their interrelationship 19 ii. Patterned-knowledge-communities throughout time: Adding a diachronic perspective 26 The case study: One Lifetime Narrated Through the Korphu Drub 29 Childhood 31 Beginning of life. Entering the community 31 Entering the genders 32 Becoming visible. Entering the stage 33 Youth. Teenage times 34 Assisting the maili ama, learning responsibility 34 Learning to be a performer, becoming responsible 35 Being a performer, taking responsibility 35 Young adulthood 37 Becoming an adult. Being responsible 37 Adulthood 39 Representing the households. Being the community 39 Responsible years. Representing the community 40 Mastery. Passing on knowledge 41 Late adulthood 42 Leaving the stage. Passing on responsibility 42 Behind the scenes. Advising. Counselling 43 Old age 44 Leaving responsibility. Enjoying and looking back 44 Preparing for Death. Leaving the community 45 Rites of Passage 48 Conclusion 53 Acknowledgements 55 References 56 |
| ISSN | 1608411X (P) |
| 點閱次數 | 1 |
| 建檔日期 | 2024.10.25 |
| 更新日期 | 2024.10.25 |
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