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| Chinggisid Pluralism and Religious Competition: Buddhists, Muslims, and the Question of Violence and Sovereignty in Ilkhanid Iran | ||
| 作者 | Brack, Jonathan (著) |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | Modern Asian Studies |
| 卷期 | v.56 n.3 |
| 出版日期 | 2022.05 |
| 頁次 | 815 - 839 |
| 出版者 | Cambridge University Press |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.journals.cambridge.org |
| 出版地 | New York, NY, US [紐約, 紐約州, 美國] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 附註項 | 1. The Subtitle of the Journal: Sulh-i Kull as an Oath of Peace: Mughal Political Theology in History, Theory, and Comparison. 2. Author Affiliation: Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel. |
| 關鍵詞 | Mongol empire; Iran; Islam; Buddhism; religious pluralism |
| 摘要 | This article argues that the Mongol empire's famous religious tolerance cannot be explained solely through its adoption of Inner Asian imperial political traditions of ruling over ethnically and religiously diverse subjects. Instead, this pluralism can be ascribed to a wider religious pattern of the Mongols. The first part argues that the analytical category of immanentist religions explains not only the inter-cultic transparency exhibited by the Mongol courts, but also the few explicit instances where the Chinggisid rulers reacted with ‘religious’ violence. The article further explores the strategies employed by the religious vectors, mainly Buddhists and Muslims, to address, accommodate, and subvert the Chinggisids’ patterns of religiosity and primarily their pluralism, and the Mongols’ deified mode of sacralizing kingship. Focusing on the Mongol-Ilkhanid court in Iran, the article examines how religious representatives used conceptual affinities and equivalences between the Mongol traditions and certain principles of their own religious frameworks to gain influence and favour, and persuade the khans to convert or retain their earlier commitment to the new religious affiliation. Employing this assimilative approach, they manoeuvred within the religious, immanentist paradigm of their nomadic patrons while moulding and manipulating it to their own religious, transcendentalist ends. The article further demonstrates how this ‘translation’ process of Chinggisid patterns became an arena of Buddhist–Muslim rivalry and competition, but also cross-cultural fertilization. |
| 目次 | Abstract 815 Keywords 815 Introduction 815 Mongol immanentism, sacral kingship, and religious pluralism 817 Buddhism in Ilkhanid Iran 824 Buddhist strategies 826 Muslim responses to Buddhist strategies 830 Nonviolent sacral kingship: From cakravartin and ‘Lord of Auspicious Conjunction’ 835 Conclusions 838 Acknowledgements 839 Competing interests 839 |
| ISSN | 0026749X (P); 14698099 (E) |
| DOI | 10.1017/S0026749X21000238 |
| 點閱次數 | 124 |
| 建檔日期 | 2024.06.19 |
| 更新日期 | 2024.06.20 |
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