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| Seeing the Light Again: A Study of Buddhist Ophthalmology in the Tang Dynasty | ||
| 作者 | Li, Wei (著) |
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| 出處題名 | Religions |
| 卷期 | v.14 n.7 |
| 出版日期 | 2023.07 |
| 頁次 | 26 |
| 出版者 | MDIP |
| 出版者網址 | https://www.mdpi.com/ |
| 出版地 | Basel, Switzerland [巴塞爾, 瑞士] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 附註項 | 1. Religions 2023, 14(7), 880. 2. The Subtitle of the Journal: Social Life History of Chinese Buddhist Monks. 3. Author Affiliation: Henan University, China. |
| 關鍵詞 | Buddhist ophthalmology; golden scalpel technique; Esoteric Buddhism |
| 摘要 | Buddhist culture places a high priority on the eyes. The restoration of light through the treatment of eye conditions represents the dispelling of the illusion of the transmigratory worlds and the attainment of enlightenment. The treatment of eye disorders was a difficult medical issue that involved numerous prescriptions, procedures, and mantras in the Tang Dynasty medicine. It was not simply a metaphor for wisdom. The narrative of Bai Juyi’s 白居易 (772–846) fighting against eye diseases highlights the value of the golden scalpel technique (jinbi shu 金篦術) and medical texts attributed to Ngârjuna Bodhisattva (Longshu 龍樹), which profoundly affected Chinese medicine on treating the eyes throughout the Tang Dynasty. Furthermore, the tale of Li Shangyin’s 李商隱 (813–858) eyes being treated by Zhixuan 知玄 can only be fully explored within the context of the Esoteric Buddhism, where mandalas, prescriptions, rituals, and dhāraṇīs are frequently used in conjunction with eye care. The case of Qin Minghe 秦鳴鶴, however, suggests that ophthalmology practiced by Buddhists may become more popular as a result of religious competition. |
| 目次 | Abstract 1 Keywords 1 1. Introduction 1 2. The Case of Bai Juyi 白居易 (772–846) 3 2.1. Bai Juyi’s Eye Disease 3 2.2. Jipi (Bi) Shu 金錍 (篦) 術 (Adamantine Scalpel Technique) or Jinzhen Bozhang Shu 金針撥障術 (The Technique of Golden Needle Moves Away the Eye‑Shield) 5 2.2.1. The Metaphor in Nirvāṇa Sutra 5 2.2.2. Zhang Yuan’s 張元 (d.u.) Story 6 2.2.3. Jinbi in Tang Poetry 7 2.3. Buddhist Eye‑Related Records in Waitaimiyao 外臺秘要 (Secret Essentials of an Official) 8 2.3.1. Longshu Lun 8 2.3.2. The Eye‑Related Materials in Waitai Miyao 9 3. The Case of Li Shangyin 10 3.1. Zhixuan (809–881) Treat Li Shangyin’s Eye Disease 10 3.2. Guanyin Xiyan Ji 觀音洗眼偈 (Guanyin’s Verses on Washing the Eyes) 12 3.3. Reciting Dhāraṇī to Gain Version 13 3.3.1. Foshuo zhoumu jing 佛說咒目經(The Buddha's Teachings on Eye Dhāraṇī) 13 3.3.2. For the Pure Vision in Dafangdeng Dajijing 13 3.3.3. Guanshiyin Shuo Chu Yiqie Yantong Tuoluoni 觀世音說除一切眼痛陀羅尼 (Avalokitêśvara’s Teaching on Removing all Eye Pains) 14 3.3.4. Neng Jing Yiqie Yanjibing Tuoluoni 能淨一切眼疾病陀羅尼 (Removing all Eye Diseases Dhāraṇīs) 15 3.3.5. Prescriptions and Rituals in Bukong Juansuo Shenbian Zhenyan Jing 不空羂索神變真言經 (Amoghapāśa’s Supernatural Display Mantra Sūtra) by Bodhiruci 15 4. The Competition in Treating the Eye 16 4.1. The Case of Qin Minghe 秦鸣鹤 16 4.1.1. Qing Minghe Treated Emperor Gaozong 16 4.1.2. Eye Doctors from Daqin 17 4.2. The Case of Li Gong 19 4.3. The Case of Du Yi 杜顗 (807–851) 19 4.4. Other Materials Related to Ophthalmologists in the Tang Dynasty 20 5. Conclusions 21 Funding 21 Institutional Review Board Statement 21 Conflicts of Interest 21 Notes 22 References 24 |
| ISSN | 20771444 (E) |
| DOI | 10.3390/rel14070880 |
| 點閱次數 | 80 |
| 建檔日期 | 2024.06.12 |
| 更新日期 | 2024.06.18 |
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