Author Affiliation: University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
關鍵詞
gender ideology; religion; Confucianism; separate spheres ideology; East Asia; Buddhism; Christianity; modernization
摘要
South Korea provides an ideal setting for studying religion and gender because Western and local religions are both prominent, and Confucianist beliefs still shape gender norms. Using the 2018 Korean General Social Survey, this study examines the extent to which two dimensions of gender traditionalism in South Korea–Confucian patriarchal ideology (i.e., belief in the subordination of women for Confucian patriarchy) and separate spheres ideology (i.e., belief that men are better suited to work and women to domestic responsibilities)—vary across Buddhists, Catholics, Protestants, and the nonaffiliated. The findings show that Christians have the lowest endorsement for Confucian patriarchal ideology while supporting separate spheres ideology as much as Buddhists, who are most gender traditional in both dimensions. The results illustrate the dynamics between religion and gender norms in South Korea's context, demonstrating how Christianity combines Western modernization with gender-essentialist traditionalism, while Buddhism maintains Confucian patriarchal values.
目次
Abstract 336 INTRODUCTION 336 LITERATURE REVIEW 337 Religion and Multidimensional Gender Ideology 337 Gender Ideology, Confucianism, and Religions in Korea 339 Conceptualization and Hypotheses 341 DATA AND METHODS 342 Dependent Variables 343 Key Independent Variables 344 Control Variables 344 Analytic Strategy 345 RESULTS 345 Descriptive Overview 345 The Association between Gender Ideology, Religious Affiliation, and Subjective Religiosity 348 Confucian Patriarchal Ideology 348 Separate Spheres Ideology 348 Traditional Gender Ideology (Unidimensional) 350 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 354 REFERENCES 355 Supporting Information 356
