청담선사=Master Cheongdam; 한국불교정화=purity of Korean Buddhism; 청담 마음사상=Cheongdam's mind-thought; 보살행=Bodhisattva-practice; 지계; upholding precepts
摘要
청담선사의 발자취는 한국 근·현대 불교의 역사이다. 청담선사의 삶은 修行의 연속이었고, 行은 계율의 실천이었다. 願力은 한국불교 의 청정성의 회복이었으며, 가르침은‘마음’을 찾는 길을 제시하였 다. 청담선사의 행적, 업적, 영향은 다양하고 모든 분야에 걸쳐 지대 하다. 본 연구는 그중에서 청담선사의 계율관을 요약 정리하여 어떻 게 마음사상으로 나타나고 있는가를 살펴보고 한국불교도가 이를 어 떻게 인식하고 계승하여야 하는가를 제시하고자 한다. 청담선사는 戒律이 교단의 토대이자 본질적인 요소의 핵심임을 밝 히고 있다. 또한 청정한 戒律을 바탕으로‘마음자리’찾는 修行을 하 여야 한다고 설한다. 청담선사의 戒律觀은 한국불교의 전통성을 확 립하고 불조의 정법을 수호하기 위한 방법으로 마음사상을 바탕으로 하고 있다. 이러한 계율관은 당시 한국불교가 처한 어려움을 극복할 수 있는 출발점이 되었고 그 근저에는 철저한 수행을 통해 얻어진 청 담스님의 마음사상이 바탕하고 있다. 청담선사가 주창했던 불교정화운동은 비록 완성을 하지는 못하였 지만 한국불교의 청정성회복과 수행종단으로서의 면모, 看話禪을 중 심으로 하는 禪사상과 마음사상은 철저한 청담선사의 持戒사상에 그 근원을 두고 있다.‘마음’은 청담선사에게 있어서 출가의 동기이자 깨침의 원천이며 교화와 자비행의 원동력이었다. 마음을 찾고 정화 하기 위해서는 持戒를 통한 參禪으로 무명을 타파하고 반야를 실현 하는 見性이 최종목표였다.
It is not to much to say that the course Master Cheongdam has followed through his lifetime is the history of Korean modern and contemporary times. Actually, his life was the continuity of self-cultivation and his self-discipline was the practice of the precepts as well. His power of vow was recovering the identity and purity of Korean Buddhism, and his teaching seems to present a way to find the 'Mind'. His lifetime doings, achievements and influences are great in every field. Hence, in this paper I try to look into Cheongdam's view of precepts, how it is manifested as an aspect of mindthought, and to indicate how Korean Buddhists should realize his view of precepts and succeed it in depth. Master Cheongdam clarified that the precepts are the basis and core of the Buddhist Order. He also stresses the selfcultivation to see the original face of the mind based on pure precepts. His view of precepts is based on the mind-thought as the way to set up the tradition of Korean Buddhism and to keep the right Dharma. This viewpoint of the precepts became a starting point to overcome the difficulties of Korean Buddhism at that time, and Cheongdam's mind-thought through an intensive discipline was in the very bottom of it. Even though the Cleanup Movement of Korean Buddhism which Master Cheongdam advocated was not successful, the recovery of Korean Buddhism's purity, the face of the Order which stresses the discipline, Seon thought and mind -thought focusing on Ganwhaseon, which were the root of his upholding precepts. In fact, 'Mind' was the motivation of his renouncing the world, the source of enlightenment and the motive power of teaching the Buddha-Dharma and of compassionate practice. In order to find the mind and then to purify it, casting away the ignorance through meditation based on upholding precepts and attaining enlightenment, which was his ultimate goal. In this vein, today, Korean Buddhists need to make a living based on the precepts like Master Cheongdam and to follow his power of vow to recover the tradition and identity of Korean Buddhism. In addition, they should keep it in mind that the discipline and practicing Bodhisattva-practice is the right path of Buddhists.
目次
Ⅰ. 들어가는 말 305 Ⅱ. 대승불교의 계율관과 청담의 지계사상 306 Ⅲ. 마음철학과 持戒의 융합 318 V. 맺는 말 329 참고문헌 331 Abstract 332
