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| The Tamil Gopura: From Temple Gateway to Global Icon | ||
| 作者 | Branfoot, Crispin (著) |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | Ars Orientalis |
| 卷期 | v.45 |
| 出版日期 | 2015 |
| 頁次 | 78 - 112 |
| 出版者 | Freer Gallery of Art, The Smithsonian Institution and Department of the History of Art, University of Michigan |
| 出版地 | Michigan, US [密西根州, 美國] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 附註項 | Crispin Branfoot, PhD (SOAS, University of London), 1998, is senior lecturer in South Asian art and archaeology at SOAS. He is author of Gods on the Move: Architecture and Ritual in the South Indian Temple (2007) and with Roger Taylor, Captain Linnaeus Tripe: Photographer of India and Burma, 1852–1860 (2014). Forthcoming books include, with Archana Venkatesan, In Antal’s Garden: Art, Ornament and Devotion in Srivilliputtur, and as editor, Portraiture in South Asia since the Mughals: Art, History, Representation. |
| 摘要 | The gopura is a tall pyramidal temple gateway that has been a distinctive feature of South Indian religious architecture for the past millennium. This essay examines the circumstances under which the gopura evolved within the Tamil country during the tenth to thirteenth century. Most gopuras were built for Hindu temples. A few are located in front of Jain temples, although none are known from Buddhist structures, despite the transmission of the Tamil Drāviḍa language to neighboring Sri Lanka. An important juncture in the gopura’s development was the adoption of the Tamil Drāviḍa language of temple architecture at the height of Vijayanagara authority across most of southern India in the fifteenth and especially sixteenth centuries. The subsequent fragmentation of the Vijayanagara Empire in the later sixteenth century resulted in the former governors or Nayakas (nāyakas) of Tamil Nadu overseeing the creation of the greatest number, scale, and prominence of the gopura in its Tamil birthplace during the seventeenth century. These developments established the foundation for the gopura’s global dissemination beginning in the nineteenth century under British colonial rule, a visual proclamation of South Indian identity and of the deep, historic roots of Tamil culture in the global diaspora. |
| 目次 | Abstract 79 Approaching the Temple: The Genesis of the South Indian Gopura 80 Religious Identities and the Gopura 85 Imperial Designs: The Tamil Gopura in the Vijayanagara Empire 89 Architectural Innovation and Religious Change 95 Tamil Temple Cities and the Nayaka Period Gopura 100 The Global Gopura 104 Notes 108 |
| ISSN | 05711371 (P) |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.3998/ars.13441566.0045.004 |
| 點閱次數 | 31 |
| 建檔日期 | 2023.10.26 |
| 更新日期 | 2023.10.26 |
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