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| How to Cope with Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Perspectives of Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism | ||
| 作者 | Ding, Xiaojun (著) ; Shang, Bingxing (著) ; Yu, Feng (著) |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | Religions |
| 卷期 | v.13 n.11 |
| 出版日期 | 2022.11 |
| 頁次 | 26 |
| 出版者 | MDIP |
| 出版者網址 | https://www.mdpi.com/ |
| 出版地 | Basel, Switzerland [巴塞爾, 瑞士] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 附註項 | 1. Authors' Affiliation: Xi’an Jiaotong University. 2. Religions 2022, 13(11), 1085. |
| 關鍵詞 | COVID-19; mental health; loneliness; solitude; Confucianism; Buddhism; Daoism; entering into the world; wu-wei; mindfulness |
| 摘要 | The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has changed people’s long-standing group life, and “less gathering” has become a popular slogan during this period. People will probably feel lonely when they are physically, socially, or mentally distanced and isolated or excluded, and they usually perceive a deficiency in the quality or quantity of their social relationships. Although loneliness is easily conflated with solitude, loneliness as an emotion is generally regarded as negative while solitude can be positive. There are various causes and effects of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic, and loneliness has been found to have significant impacts on poorer physical and mental health. Religiosity and spirituality are specifically proven to have a great impact on handling loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic. When regarding belongingness as the opposite of loneliness and social isolation, religious belonging means a feeling of being “at home” and “connected”. In this paper, from a comparative approach, we attempt to investigate how the three most prominent traditions in East Asia, i.e., Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism, can help manage the feeling of loneliness. Due to different understandings of loneliness, their coping strategies for loneliness also vary. Through a preliminary study of “benevolence and rites,” “wu-wei and freedom,” and “mindfulness and spiritual realization,” we can learn from the ancient wisdom about how to reduce loneliness and promote spiritual well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| 目次 | Abstract 1 Keywords 1 1. Introduction 1 2. Causes and Effects of Loneliness during the COVID‑19 Pandemic 3 3. Loneliness, Religious Belonging, and Spiritual Well‑Being 4 4. Understanding and Treating Loneliness from the Perspectives of Three Traditions 5 4.1. Confucian Wisdom 6 4.1.1. Entering into the World 6 4.1.2. The Practice of “Benevolence” and “Rites” 7 4.2. Daoist Wisdom 9 4.2.1. Attuning Oneself to Dao through Solitude 10 4.2.2. The Practice of “Wu‑Wei” and “Freedom” 12 4.3. Buddhist Wisdom 13 4.3.1. Loneliness as the Noble Truth of Suffering 14 4.3.2. The Practice of “Mindfulness” and “Spiritual Realization” 15 5. Discussion 16 6. Conclusions 18 References 19 |
| ISSN | 20771444 (E) |
| DOI | 10.3390/rel13111085 |
| 點閱次數 | 198 |
| 建檔日期 | 2023.10.03 |
| 更新日期 | 2023.10.04 |
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