가상현실에 대한 참된 인식과 가상적 욕망의 해소 - 아드와이따 베단따의 모형=The Right Understanding on the Virtual Reality and The Cancellation of Virtual Desire : A Model of Advaita vedAnta
가현설 혹은 환영설을 주장하는 아드와이따 베단따라는 체계는 가상현실에 대한 담론에 하나의 모형이 될 수 있다. 이 학파의 ‘실재/현상’이라는 구도는 ‘현실/가상현실’이라는 구도와 대응하고, 현상의 상대적 실재성과 지양 가능성은 가상현실의 상대적 현실성과 파기 가능성을 설명할 수 있기 때문이다. 게다가 이 학파의 실재와 현상에 대한 분별적 지식 혹은 참된 인식은 현실과 가상현실 사이의 혼동을 극복하기 위한 여지를 주고, 이 학파에서 현상적 자아의 거짓된 욕망을 해소하기 위한 실천적 방법은 가상현실의 가상적 욕망으로부터 자유로울 수 있는 가능성을 제공해주기 때문이다.
The system of Advaita Vedānta which insists on Vivarta-vāda or Māyā-vāda can be a comparative model in relation to the discourse on virtual reality. For this argument three grounds are suggested as follows; Firstly, the structure of 'Reality-appearance' in this Philosophical School is equivalent to that of 'reality-virtual reality', and the characteristic of relative reality and the possibility of sublation on the part of appearance would account for the status of virtual reality. According to Advaita Vedānta, Reality is one without a second and appearance is nothing but illusion (māyā) or fiction (mithyā). Those theories that show a detailed analysis on appearance such as ābhāsa-vāda, pratibimba-vāda, avaccheda-vāda present the fact that all appearance exist in dependence on Reality. As a result, appearance is relatively existent and is sublated when the knowledge of Reality is attained. Such a logic is equally applied to the discourse on virtual reality. Secondly, the discriminative knowledge (viveka-jñāna) or right understanding between Reality and appearance in this School gives a room for overcoming the confusion between reality and virtual reality. Reality is what truly does exist, appearance is what truly does not exist. Although appearance is not what wholly does not exist but what truly does not exist, as it can be negated by what truly does exist, there is a necessity for knowing Reality and appearance discriminately. Such a logic is equally applied to the discourse on virtual reality. Thirdly, the practical methodology for cancelling false desire on the side of phenomenal self in this School provides a possibility of which one can be freed from virtual desire in the virtual (cyber) space. In this School it is said that the phenomenal self is superimposed on the real Self. And that phenomenal self as a complex of virtual desire is placed on the state of false desire which is made of physical, psychological, linguistical conditions. As a matter of fact, this negative attitude on desire is a strategic device for the sake of actualizing freedom. Such a logic is equally applied to the discourse on virtual reality.
目次
I 가상현실과 아드와이따 베단따의 모형. 147 II 아드와이따 베단따와 가상현실의 구축. 151 III 아드와이따 베단따와 가상현실에 대한 참된 인식. 158 IV 아드와이따 베단따와 가상적 욕망의 해소.164 V 비판적 결론. 171
