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| 敦煌寺院戒牒文書所反映的凈土信仰研究=The Research on Pure Land Faith Reflected in the Documents of Buddhist Certificates in Dunhuang Temples | ||
| 作者 | 武玉秀 (著)=Wu, Yu-xiu (au.) |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | 青海民族研究=Nationalities Research in Qinghai |
| 卷期 | n.4 |
| 出版日期 | 2012 |
| 頁次 | 106 - 118 |
| 出版者 | 青海民族學院民族研究所 |
| 出版地 | 西藏, 中國 [Tibet, China] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 中文=Chinese |
| 附註項 | 作者單位：西藏大學 |
| 關鍵詞 | 戒牒= documents of Buddhist certificates; 敦煌寺院=temples in Dunhuang; 凈土信仰=pure land faith |
| 摘要 | 敦煌遺書中保存有數十件戒牒文書,大體可分為俗人戒牒、僧尼戒牒兩類。這些度牒文書使用于度牒儀式,舉行儀式的地點是敦煌當地的三界寺、龍興寺、大云寺等寺院,以三界寺居多;其授戒師則多是三界寺的道真。本文對戒牒文書中三師的歷時變化做了研究,認為這些戒牒文書的少部分采用歸義軍以前的戒牒式樣,多以釋迦牟尼佛為和上,以文殊師利為羯摩阿阇梨,以彌勒菩薩為教授師;而大部分作于歸義軍時期,以阿彌陀佛為壇頭和尚,以釋迦牟尼佛為羯摩阿阇梨,以彌勒菩薩為教授師。后者突出了阿彌陀佛的地位,并且在三師中最終確立了以阿彌陀佛為壇頭和尚,以彌勒菩薩為羯磨阿阇梨的格局。阿彌陀佛和彌勒菩薩都是凈土信仰中的教主,他們在三師中占據三分之二的席位,這反映凈土信仰在敦煌地區民眾心理上已經打上了深深的烙印。 There are dozens of documents of Buddhist certificates among Dunhuang manuscripts,which can be roughly divided into two categories: documents for Laities and documents for Buddhist monks and nuns.These documents are used in certificates ceremony.The ceremony location is the local temples in Dunhuang,such as Temple of the Three Realms,Longxing,Dayun Temple,mostly in Temple of the Three Realms.The ordained master mostly is Michizane monk who lives in Temple of the Three Realms.In this paper,I do a study of changes about three ordained teachers in documents of Buddhist certificates and consider that a small portion of these documents adopted the patterns before Gui Yi Jun,which took Sakyamuni Buddha as a monk,Manjusri as Jiemoacarya,Maitreya Buddha as the professor.And most of documents of Buddhist certificates were made in the period of Gui Yi Jun,which took Amitabha as head of Buddha monk in the altar,Sakyamuni Buddha as Jiemoacarya,and Maitreya Buddha as the professor.The latter highlighted the status of Amitabha.In the final a pattern was established in three divisions head for the altar,which took Amitabha as head of Buddha monk in the altar,Maitreya Buddha as the Jiemoacarya.Maitreya and Amitabha are the leaders in Pure Land faith.They occupy two-thirds in the three divisions of the seats.This reflects the Pure Land Faith has been marked a deep psychological imprint in Dunhuang local people. |
| 目次 | 一、中國授戒制度發展歷程 107 二、敦煌戒牒的種類 109 三、敦煌戒牒文書文本示例 110 四、敦煌戒牒文書綜合研究 112 小節 117 |
| ISSN | 10055681 |
| DOI | 10.15899/j.cnki.1005-5681.2012.04.015 |
| 點閱次數 | 157 |
| 建檔日期 | 2023.08.15 |
| 更新日期 | 2023.08.21 |
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