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| The Dilemma of Ecological and Nutritional Policies in View of Buddhist Campaigning: The Use of Hangzhou’s Xihu 西湖 as a Pool for the Release of Living Beings during the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties (960–1279)=從佛教運動看生態營養政策的困境——兩宋（960–1279）時期杭州西湖作為放生池的應用 | ||
| 作者 | Ebner von Eschenbach, Silvia Freiin (著) |
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| 出處題名 | Monumenta Serica: Journal of Oriental Studies=華裔學志 |
| 卷期 | v.68 n.1 |
| 出版日期 | 2020.05 |
| 頁次 | 69 - 106 |
| 出版者 | Institut Monumenta Serica |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.monumenta-serica.de |
| 出版地 | Sankt Augustin, Germany [聖奧古斯丁, 德國] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 附註項 | Author Affiliation: University of Würzburg |
| 關鍵詞 | Buddhism=佛教; fangsheng=放生; fishing=捕魚; water supply=供水; Hangzhou (Lin’an)=杭州 (臨安) |
| 摘要 | During the Northern and Southern Song dynasties, the city of Hangzhou faced a dilemma: how to simultaneously maintain West Lake as a freshwater reservoir and as a source for the food supply of its inhabitants. Based on the Buddhist precept of abstaining from harming any living being, West Lake was declared a sacrosanct site where fishing was prohibited. Although this put the city’s fish supply at stake, the lake’s sacrosanct status was a welcome argument for advocating the administrative policy of keeping the lake as the city’s freshwater reservoir. This meant prohibiting the cultivation of aquatic plants that would lead to the siltation and eventual drying-up of the lake, although those plants also served as food supply for the city. Policymakers suggested to mark out only a partial zone of the lake to be exempted from fishing and cultivation, but this proposed compromise had to be defended. 两宋時期，如何同時維護既是淡水儲藏又是居民食物供應來源的西湖，是杭州所面臨的難題。根據佛教禁止傷害任何生物的規定，西湖被列為禁止捕撈的神聖不可侵犯的地方。雖然這會使該市的水產供應受到威脅，對提倡將湖泊視為城市淡水儲藏的行政政策而言，湖泊的神聖地位是個受推崇的論點。這意味著禁止種植水生植物會導致西湖淤積和最終干涸，盡管這些植物也是城市食物供應的一環。政策的制定者建議衹劃出該湖的部分區域免於捕撈和種植，但這個折中提議也須辯護。 |
| 目次 | Abbreviations 69 Introduction 70 1. Northern Song Campaigning for the Transformation of West Lake into a Buddhist Sacrosanct Site 72 1.1 The Transformation of West Lake into a Pool for the Release of Living Beings 72 1.2. The Assembly for the Release of Living Beings and Its Origin in Buddhist Canonical Texts 75 2. Northern Song Nutritional Policies 79 2.1. Fishing Ban in West Lake and in Fish Ponds 79 2.2. Aquatic Animals as Food Supply 80 3. The Creation of a Sacrosanct Site as an Argument for the Ecological Preservation of West Lake 82 3.1. Ban on Cultivating Aquatic Plants to Prevent the Siltation of West Lake 82 3.2. Creating a Sacrosanct Zone amidst West Lake to be Kept Free of Plants as a Compromise Solution 85 4. Southern Song Policies of Reviving West Lake as a Sacrosanct Site 87 4.1. Reinstatement of West Lake as a Sacrosanct Site and the Renewed Fishing Ban 87 4.2. Commemoration Policy 91 4.3. The Pool for the Release of Living Beings as an Event Location of the Southern Song 94 5. Southern Song Ecological Policies to Save West Lake 96 5.1. Renewed Zonal Prohibitions of Growing Plants and Catching Fish in West Lake as a Precaution against Siltation and Overfishing 96 5.2. Drying-up of West Lake and Emergency Strategies 98 6. Conclusion 100 Bibliography 101 Primary Sources 101 Secondary Sources 102 Chinese Abstract 104 Notes on Contributor 104 |
| ISSN | 02549948 (P); 20571690 (E) |
| DOI | 10.1080/02549948.2020.1748290 |
| 點閱次數 | 385 |
| 建檔日期 | 2023.08.02 |
| 更新日期 | 2023.08.02 |
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