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| 설일체유부(說一切有部)에 있어서 현관도(現觀道)의 전개 - 현관의 개념이해를 중심으로 -=A Study on the Path of Abhisamaya (Clear Understanding) in Sarvāstivāda - Focusing on the Conceptual Understanding of Abhisamaya | ||
| 作者 | 김경희 (著)=Kim, Kyung-hee (au.) |
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| 出處題名 | 동아시아불교문화=Journal of Eastern-Asia Buddhism and Culture |
| 卷期 | v.43 n.0 |
| 出版日期 | 2020.09 |
| 頁次 | 175 - 199 |
| 出版者 | 동아시아불교문화학회=The Association of Eastern-Asia Buddhism and Culture |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.easternasia.kr/ |
| 出版地 | Busan, Korea [釜山, 韓國] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 韓文=Korean |
| 附註項 | 저자정보: 오타니(大谷)대학 박사. |
| 關鍵詞 | 위빠사나= vipaśyanā; 법의 변별; 혜; 제현관; 설일체유부; Sarvāstivāda; prajñā; dharmapravicaya; satyābhisamaya |
| 摘要 | 본고는 설일체유부(說一切有部, Sarvāstivāda, 이하 유부)의 수행도인 현관(現觀, abhisamaya)의 배경과 의미를 유부문헌에서 관련된 중요한 기술을 중심으로 검토하였다. 초기불교에서 현관은 제법(현상)에 대한 인과관계의 법칙의 이해를 통하여 고(苦)의 생기와 소멸을 이해하고 3결(結)의 단절과 함께 최초의 성자의 단계인 예류향(預流向)의 단계에 들어가는 것을 말한다. 사성제(四聖諦)를 관찰하는 현관은 유부의 핵심적인 수행도가 되는데, 유부는 사성제를 붓다가 발견하고 가르친 사성제(dharma)와 성자가 해탈인식에서 경험하는 사성제(dharmas)라는 두 가지 시선으로 바라본다. 초기문헌인 『집이문족론(集異門足論)』·『법온족론(法蘊足論)』에서는 진리와 교법인 사성제법을 강조하고 있는 반면, 『품류족론(品類足論)』 이후부터 유부의 독창적인 해석이 등장한다. 즉, 유부에서 제현관(諦現觀, satyābhisamaya)은 법의변별(dharmapravicaya)에 의한 제법의 성격규정과 번뇌의 소멸이라는 수도론(修道論)의 토대가 되는데, 모두 혜(慧, prajñā)에 의한 제법의 관찰에 의거한다. 현관은 사성제를 바르게 이해하는 것을 말하며 성자(聖者, āryapudgala)의 무루혜(無漏慧)로 고를 ‘무상·고·공·무아’로 파악하는 것이 기본전제가 된다. 이상 현관을 유부문헌을 통해 검토함으로써 다양한 맥락에서 현관의 대상인 제법을 보는 유부의 관점 또한 확인할 수 있었다. The purpose of this paper is to briefly explain the Path of Abhisamaya in Sarvāstivāda and explore the conceptual meanings of abhisamaya. First, Dharmacakrapravartanasūtra provides clues to understand the ‘four noble truths and the destruction of fluxes,’ the standard form of Āgamas and the Nikāyas. That is, the discovery of and insights into the ‘four noble truths’ made five monks understand the intrinsic nature of things. Since the ‘five skandhas’ are impermanence and unsatisfactoriness, which are the three characteristics of existence, recognizing the groups as samyakdṛṣṭi that they are ‘self’ or ‘non-self’ leads to the destruction of fluxes and the complete nirvāṇa of arhat. Here, the keywords ‘four noble truths’ and the demonstration of the ‘anātman of five skandhas’ play critical roles in Sarvāstivādins' practice, such as abhisamaya. “Saṅgītiparyāya,’ the earliest text of Sarvāstivāda Abhidharma, explains that the ‘four noble truths’ are satya, and the recognition that ‘saṃskārā is anitya, sāsravā saṃskārā is duḥkha, and sarve dharmā is śūnya and anātman’ leads to the acquisition of laukikāgra-dharma and anāsrava, which corresponds with dharmajñānakṣānti. Such characteristics of sarve dharmā are suggested by the four ākāras of duḥkhasatya among the sixteen ākāras of the noble truths in later Saṅgītiparyāya. Moreover, fragmentary concepts were presented in more details than in “Dharmaskandha.” Meanwhile, Dharmaskandha’ presents four noble truths enlightened by Buddha as a model of practice, and it also briefly explains darśanaheyakleśaparihāṇa and bhāvanāheyakleśaprahāṇa which are eliminated by recognizing the ‘four noble truths.’ Unlike “Saṅgītiparyāya” and “Dharmaskandha” that explain abhisamaya from the practical aspect of law, “Prakaraṇapāda” adopts ‘five categories’ rather than the ‘five skandhas’ to describe the concept and correlation of sarve dharmā in detail. Abhisamaya is the function of prajñā with a nature of dharmapravicaya, which is classified as one of caitasika that corresponds with mind. Prajñā is interpreted as dharmapravicaya or vipaśyanā here, suggesting that dharmapravicaya, a unique interpretation of Sarvāstivādin unlike the path of Āgamas and Nikāyas, would soon combine with the theory of practice. Such characteristics become more apparent in the stage of Mahāvibhāṣa, meaning that the “Analysis by the formation of character of sarve dharmā and the theory of practice which leads to the extinguishment of sufferings.” |
| 目次 | Ⅰ. 서론 176
Ⅱ. 사성제현관의 배경 178 Ⅲ. 아비달마논서에 있어서 사성제현관 181 Ⅳ. 결론 193 |
| ISSN | 27140938 (P); 27140946 (E) |
| DOI | 10.21718/EABC.2020.43.07 |
| 點閱次數 | 133 |
| 建檔日期 | 2023.06.24 |
| 更新日期 | 2023.06.24 |
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