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| 조선불교의 경제현실과 그 대응활동=Economic oppression on Buddhism in Choseon and its response | ||
| 作者 | 이봉춘 (著)=Lee, Bong-choon (au.) |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | 대각사상=Maha Bodhi Thought=大覺思想 |
| 卷期 | v.4 n.0 백용성스님과 한국불교의 사원경제 문제 |
| 出版日期 | 2001 |
| 頁次 | 121 - 146 |
| 出版者 | 대각사상연구원＝Institute of Maha Bodhi Thought |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.taegak.or.kr/ |
| 出版地 | Seoul, Korea [首爾, 韓國] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 韓文=Korean |
| 附註項 | 저자정보: 동국대 교수 |
| 摘要 | Since Buddhism was introduced into Korea, Buddhist monasteries enjoyed the economic prosperity for more than a thousand years until the end of Koryeo dynasty. But they met hardship at the advent of Choseon dynasty(1392-1910) which promoted Neo-Confucianism and suppressed Buddhism. In the early period of Choseon dynasty from King Tae-jong(1400-1418) to King Jung-jong(1506-1544), the economic foundation of the monasteries in Choseon already collapsed virtually. Choseon kingdom confiscated vast fields and slavers which were major resources of monasteries. In addition, Choseon kingdom, having suffered from wars with Japan and the Manchuria war in the middle period of Choseon dynasty made a economic sacrifice of Buddhist monasteries. Buddhist monasteries which had been enforced to send monks to the battle fields had to take part in building of mountain fortress walls and take care of them. Monasteries themselves had to pay huge mount of money for the maintenance of the walls. That was another economic suppression on monastic economy made by the kingdom. Moreover, after the war, monasteries over the nation were ordered to produce paper goods as a tribute to Cheong dynasty in China and for Choseon kingdom as well from the 17th century to the 19th century. That was still another exploitation done by the kingdom. Besides, monasteries across the country in Choseon kingdom were reduced to the crisis of the extinction of their existence by having been made to work for municipal and provincial officers, the two upper classes and Confucian schools. Facing the hardship above, monasteries had to find ways to survive the political and social oppression and the economic exploitation. Their main works to maintain Buddhism in Choseon included the following three things. 1) Monks produced paper goods and hemp-cord sandals and participated in commercial activities. 2) They organized various kinds of a mutual financing association for the maintenance of monasteries. 3) Monks made efforts to create dry fields and paddy fields, and donated them to monasteries. By doing these things Buddhist monasteries secured their economic stability to a certain degree in the late 19th century. There is a significance more than the economic self-establishment of monasteries. Monasteries in Choseon provoked by Chosen kingdom's oppression of Buddhism managed to survive without the aids of kings or political leaders. In fact they became free from the strong attachment they had hold in the past to political powers. This self-dependence of monasteries is a great achievement for Buddhists in Korea. |
| 目次 | I. 머리말 122
II. 전기 寺院田ᆞ奴婢의 정비 123 III. 중기 이후 경제적 수탈과 雜役 131 IV. 불교교단의 自救的 경제활동 137 1. 승려들의 상품생산과 상업활동 138 2. 각종 契의 조직과 운영 140 3. 승려의 사유전답 조성 142 V. 맺는말 .영문초록 143 |
| ISSN | 12291080 (P) |
| 點閱次數 | 76 |
| 建檔日期 | 2023.05.22 |
| 更新日期 | 2023.05.22 |
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