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| From Grounded Identity to Receptive Creativity The Mythical-Historical Formation of the Nyingma School and the Potential of Collective Trauma | ||
| 作者 | Geisshuesler, Flavio A. |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | International Journal of Buddhist Thought & Culture=국제불교문화사상사학회 |
| 卷期 | v.30 n.1 |
| 出版日期 | 2020.06 |
| 頁次 | 233 - 270 |
| 出版者 | International Association for Buddhist Thought and Culture |
| 出版者網址 | http://iabtc.org/ |
| 出版地 | Seoul, Korea [首爾, 韓國] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 附註項 | Author Affiliations: Hebrew University |
| 關鍵詞 | religion; Buddhism; Great Perfection (rdzogs chen); treasure tradition (gter ma); Ancient School (rnying ma); New Schools (gsar ma); Kālacakra Tantra; Tibetan history; empire; myth and history; myth of Samantabhadra; collective trauma; cosmogony; Direct Transcendence (thod rgal) |
| 摘要 | The Great Perfection (rdzogs chen) is both one of the most famous and one of the most controversial Buddhist traditions of Tibet. Forming part of the Ancient School (rnying ma), Dzogchen boasts a contemplative system in which practices are said to be effortless and liberation consists solely in the revelation of our already perfected Buddha-nature. This contribution focuses on controversial ideas such as this, and explores their origin, their place within the world of Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, and their underlying mode of functioning. As for the origin of the Dzogchen teachings, this paper argues that they must be located in two collective traumas that affected the founders of the Ancient School during the tradition’s formative years, namely the collapse of the Tibetan empire (ninth century CE) and the marginalization suffered after the rise of the New Schools (gsar ma) in the subsequent centuries. As for the tradition’s position within the religious landscape of the Himalayas, it should not only be explored in relationship to other “crisis cults,” such as the Kālacakra Tantra that emerged during the advent of Muslim rule in India, but also to the treasure tradition (gter ma). Finally, this study explores the key underlying functioning of the doctrine of effortless enlightenment by means of the concept of the “ground” (gzhi / sa), which is central to both Dzogchen and Terma. Reading the Dzogchen myth of the “epiphany of the ground” side by side with accounts of how “earth treasures” (sa gter) are unearthed out of the Tibetan soil, the paper shows that the ground was fundamental to the success of Nyingmapa Buddhism. By allowing its adherents to infuse the present with past energy, the repetition of old narratives with innovative meanings, and the attitude of receptivity with agency, the mythicalhistorical ground of the Ancient School is not only a means to overcome its collective traumas, but also laid the foundation for the teaching of effortless enlightenment that marks the tradition until today. |
| 目次 | Abstract Grounding Myths in History: Reading the Myth of Samantabhadra’s Spontaneous Liberation in Light of the History of Tibet 235 A Common Ground in the Recollection of the Empire: The Historical Articulation of Nyingma Identity Through Dzogchen Theology and Treasure Revelation 239 Conclusion: From the Ground of Mythical-Historical Trauma to the Power of Receptive Creativity 255 References 260 |
| ISSN | 15987914 (P) |
| DOI | 10.16893/IJBTC.2020.06.30.1.233 |
| 點閱次數 | 193 |
| 建檔日期 | 2021.03.10 |
| 更新日期 | 2021.03.10 |
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