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本資料由 李玉珉老師 提供
| 十世紀敦煌の王權と轉輪聖王觀=Kingship and the Idea of the Cakravartin in 10th Century Dunhuan=十世紀敦煌の王権と転輪聖王観 | ||
| 作者 | 赤木崇敏 (著)=Akagi, Takatoshi (au.) |
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| 出處題名 | 東洋史研究=Journal of Oriental Researches=トウヨウシ ケンキュウ |
| 卷期 | v.69 n.2 |
| 出版日期 | 2010.09 |
| 頁次 | 233 - 263 |
| 出版者 | 東洋史研究会=The Society of Oriental Researches |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.toyoshi-kenkyu.jp/index.html |
| 出版地 | 京都, 日本 [Kyoto, Japan] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 日文=Japanese |
| 摘要 | This article considers the regime of the military commander of the Return-to-Allegiance Army (Guiyijun 歸義軍) who ruled Dunhuang 敦煌 oasis from the 9th through the 11th century, and through an analysis of the prayer documents (yuanwen 願文) unearthed from Dunhuang, it brings to light the relationship between Central Asian kingship and Buddhism from a new perspective. The prayer documents are a literary genre in which the donor of a Buddhist memorial service states his vows to Buddhist deities, and in this case the donor transfers merit to the Chinese emperor and the commander of Guiyijun etc. By analyzing the order and the wording of the vows, we can see the following points about the commander of Guiyijun (with the first half in the 10th century as dividing line) who ruled in Dunhuang as cakravartin (tianlun shengwang 轉輪聖王), the idealized ruler of the Buddhist world. The idea of extolling political rulers as cakravartin had been current in both India and China from ancient times. In fact, in 9th century prayer documents, the Tang emperor, Xuanzong 宣宗, is called 金輪, namely, a cakravartin who realizes golden wheel of dharma. However, with the coming of the 10th century, the practice of addressing the Tang emperor in this fashion ceased, and the commander of Guiyijun began to be called the "Earthly King of the Bodhisattvas" 菩薩之人王 (a cakravartin who was in fact a bodhisattva incarnate). In this manner, aspects of the autonomy of Dunhuang emerging from under Chinese protection in the Buddhist world corresponds to the fact that commanders of Guiyijun called themselves Great King or King of Dunhuang in the 10th century, and that official Chinese histories treated Dunhuang as a foreign state. From the above, it can be surmised that in the 10th century Dunuhang a new monarchy based on the idea of the cakravartin was established. Moreover, the relationship between kingship and the idea of the cakravartin can be seen in other Central Asian states as well. It has been confirmed in Khotanese documents from the 10th century the Khotanese kings spoke of themselves as the cakravartin. Additionally, in the West Uighur Kingdom from the same period, the khagan was acclaimed as a bodhisattva incarnate, i.e., cakravartin. In this way the appearance of cakravartin in various states of Central Asia in the 10th century is a shared phenomenon. We can suppose a link between the emergence of the cakravartin and the decline and destruction of the Tang Empire. The collapse of the Tang enlivened autonomous movements both politically and economically in the surrounding world. In addition, in consideration of the fact that each of the new states established in the eastern Eurasia from the 9th to the 11th century was a Buddhist state, it can be said that the view of the cakravartin spread to the surrounding world with the collapse of the Tang dynasty and contributed to the establishment of monarchies in several states of Central Asia including that of Dunhuang. |
| 目次 | はじめに ー 敦煌の轉輪聖王 236 1. 金輪聖王 ー P二八五四(一一)の検討 ─ 236 2. 菩薩の人王 ─ S六四一七(九)の検討 ─ 238 二 輪聖王観の變化 242 1. 金輪聖王から菩薩の人王へ 242 2. 王權成立の背景 246 三 中央アジアの轉輪聖王 249 1. コ一タン王國 250 2. 西ウイグル王國 252 おわりに 254 |
| ISSN | 03869059 (P) |
| 研究時代 | 五代十國-五代 |
| 研究地點 | 甘肅(敦煌) |
| 點閱次數 | 291 |
| 建檔日期 | 2016.05.12 |
| 更新日期 | 2020.07.13 |
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