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| 淨影慧遠《觀無量壽經義疏》研究=A Study of Chingying Huiyuan''s Guan wujiang shou ching i-shu | ||
| 作者 | 釋覺徹 |
|---|---|
| 出版日期 | 2010 |
| 頁次 | 221 |
| 出版者 | 南華大學 |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.nhu.edu.tw/main.htm |
| 出版地 | 嘉義縣, 臺灣 [Chia-i hsien, Taiwan] |
| 資料類型 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
| 使用語言 | 中文=Chinese |
| 學位類別 | 碩士 |
| 校院名稱 | 南華大學 |
| 系所名稱 | 宗教學研究所 |
| 指導教授 | 釋依空 |
| 畢業年度 | 98 |
| 附註項 | 作者俗名:陳佳均=Chen, Jia-jiun |
| 關鍵詞 | 散善=goodness cultivated during normal life; 觀佛三昧=Meditation on the Buddha a; 淨影慧遠=Chingying Huiyuan; 九品階位=nine classes; 十六行觀=the sixteen forms of meditation; 定善=goodness cultivated\ by meditation |
| 摘要 | 淨影慧遠(523-592)最早為《觀無量壽經》作疏,之後影響天台智顗與三論吉藏亦為其註疏,可見此疏的重要研究價值。本論文宗旨在研究慧遠《觀無量壽經義疏》之思想義涵,並彰顯慧遠《觀經疏》義理價值。《觀無量壽經》為「觀佛三昧」禪觀經典之一。由罽賓來華畺良耶舍所傳譯,當時罽賓佛教風行,以「觀佛三昧」為主禪觀法門,此觀境經由時間流轉不變進行演變,其禪觀思想亦趨向多元化,因此「十六行觀」在這蘊釀期產生,共同目的皆由觀行達到除障滅罪效果。為掌握《觀無量壽經》整體架構及經文大義,採取慧遠對《觀無量壽經》所作科文分判,並比較智顗、吉藏其異同性,以利掌握三位祖師對《觀無量壽經》要旨。慧遠認為《觀無量壽經》以「觀佛三昧」為宗淨土禪觀經典,並首開五要闡釋其宗趣。智顗主張「以心為宗,實相為體」,另外吉藏主張「以實相禪觀為宗」,在這三位隋代祖師中對《觀無量壽經》所明示旨趣,以慧遠最為契合經義。慧遠最早將「淨業三褔」、「十六行觀」,分成「散善」與「定善」進行論述分析,並將定善之「十六行觀」化分成依報觀、正報觀、他生觀,說明每一觀門之觀境,皆要繫心一處,使令內心達到了了分明,不令散失,獲得「觀佛三昧」。另外慧遠將散善之「九品」往生思想,則採取六門作分別,闡述九品生業上下階位。他認為「上輩」者為大乘根機,「中輩」者為小乘根機,「下輩」者為大乘始學根機。並說明犯五逆重罪,以及女人根缺者能往生淨土,須發菩提心、必生重悔,及修持「定善」與「散善」藉由「定善」定力,令罪消薄允許得生淨土。 Chingying Hui-yuan(A.D. 523-592)was the first one who wrote the commentary of the Amitâyur-dhyâna-sûtra. His commentary influenced Chih-i''s and Chi-tsang''s commentaries of the same sutra. The thesis aims to explore the thoughts of Hui-yuan''s Guan Wujiang-shou-ching-i-shu and to reveal the importance of this commentary. The Amitâyur-dhyâna-sûtra is one of the meditation sutras about "Meditation on the Buddha." It was translated by Kālaya?as from Kophen (also called Gandhāra), where the major contemplation practice was to contemplate the characteristics marks of a Buddha. There, with the emergence of different contemplation practices, "the sixteen forms of meditation" in the Amitâyur-dhyâna-sûtra formed. The purpose of these contemplations is to purify all the past mistakes and harmful actions. To understand the frame and the major points of the Amitâyur-dhyâna-sûtra, Hui-yuan''s set portion of this sutra is applied, and the differences and sameness among Hui-yuan, Chih-i, and Chi-tsang are found by comparison. Then, the three masters'' thoughts on the Amitâyur-dhyâna-sûtra are shown and discussed. Hui-yuan referred to the Amitâyur-dhyâna-sûtra as the sutra about the meditation of pure land, which focuses on "Meditation on the Buddha." He was the first one who used five main ideas to expound the sutra. Chih-i proposed "taking mind as the bone and Reality as the body," and Chi-tsang advocated "Meditation on Reality." Among the three masters in Sui Dynasty who explained the main ideas of the Amitâyur-dhyâna-sûtra, what Hui-yuan explained can conform to the meanings of the sutra most. Hui-yuan was the first one who classified "the three felicity of good karma" and "the sixteen forms of meditation" into two categories-"goodness cultivated during normal life" and "goodness cultivated by meditation." He divided "the sixteen forms of meditations" of "goodness cultivated by meditation" into the meditation of being the resultant person, the meditation of being dependent condition, and the meditation of being independent condition. He explained that making our mind clear and focusing on one point is necessary when we meditate. By this kind of meditation, we will achieve "Meditation on the Buddha." In addition, Hui-yuan used six categories to classify and explain the nine classes of "goodness cultivated during normal life." He declared that the upper three classes are the practitioners of the Mahayana Buddhism, the middle three ones are those who practice Hinayana Buddhism, the lower three ones are those who just begin to learn Mahayana Buddhism. Hui-yuan also figured out that those who commit the five deadly sins (pañcânantarya) and who are females as well as the disabled can gain rebirth in Pure Land if they generate bodhicitta, truly repent of all their past mistakes and harmful actions, and cultivate goodness during normal life or by med |
| 目次 | 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 文獻回顧 5 第三節 研究方法 15 一、文獻學方法 16 二、義理分析方法 17 三、對比研究方法 18 第四節 全文架構 19 第二章 淨影慧遠的生平與著作 21 第一節 慧遠的生平 22 一、生長時代 22 二、出家修行 23 三、護衛佛教 25 四、開講法延 31 五、學思背景 34 第二節 慧遠的著作 40 一、著作概述 40 二、著作真偽 43 第三節 小結 47 第三章 《觀無量壽經》流通的歷史背景 48 第一節 觀佛三昧系列經典在中國的傳譯 50 一、鳩摩羅什「禪、智合一」禪觀經典 50 二、佛陀跋陀羅「觀佛三昧」禪觀經典 56 三、曇摩密多「觀十方佛」禪觀經典 65 四、畺良耶舍「淨土洪因」禪觀經典 70 五、沮渠京聲「消業滅罪」禪觀經典 73 第二節 《觀無量壽經》譯者之謎 76 一、翻譯問題 76 二、撰述問題 78 三、經文考察 81 第三節 淨影慧遠《觀無量壽經》經文注釋 87 一、《觀無量壽經》整體科文 87 二、經文概要 94 第四節 小結 96 第四章 淨影慧遠《觀經義疏》淨土觀點 99 第一節 以觀佛三昧為宗的《觀經義疏》 100 一、《觀經義疏》五種要義 100 二、天台《觀經疏》主張 105 三、三論《觀經疏》說法 108 第二節《觀經義疏》佛身觀 114 第三節《觀經義疏》彌陀淨土觀 118 第四節 小結 123 第五章 《觀經義疏》定善與十六行觀思想 124 第一節 《觀經義疏》定善思想 125 一、定善涵義 125 二、「十六行觀」觀名 128 第二節 「十六行觀」思想比較論述 132 一、淨土依報觀 132 二、淨土正報觀 147 三、淨土他生觀 164 第三節 小結 179 第六章《觀經義疏》散善與九品往生思想 181 第一節 《觀經義疏》散善思想 182 一、散善涵義 182 二、韋提凡聖判定 186 第二節 以「六門」闡釋九品思想 190 第三節 小結 207 第七章 結論 209 一、淨影慧遠撰疏動機背景 209 二、《觀無量壽經》歷史地位 210 三、《觀無量壽經》科文問題 211 四、南北朝《觀經疏》註疏觀點差異性 211 五、淨影慧遠《觀經疏》問題釐清 212 |
| 點閱次數 | 1379 |
| 建檔日期 | 2010.08.13 |
| 更新日期 | 2015.08.11 |
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