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| 素食對血中同半胱胺酸濃度與胺基酸分佈的影響=Effects of vegetarian diets on blood homocysteine levels and amino acid profiles | ||
| 作者 | 洪健榮 (著)=Hung, Chien-jung (au.) |
|---|---|
| 出版日期 | 2000 |
| 頁次 | 105 |
| 出版者 | 慈濟大學=Tzu Chi University |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.tcu.edu.tw |
| 出版地 | 花蓮市, 臺灣 [Hualien shih, Taiwan] |
| 資料類型 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
| 使用語言 | 中文=Chinese |
| 學位類別 | 碩士 |
| 校院名稱 | 慈濟大學 |
| 系所名稱 | 醫學研究所 |
| 指導教授 | 葉思芳 |
| 畢業年度 | 88 |
| 附註項 | 全文至國家圖書館「全國博碩士論文資訊網」下載 |
| 關鍵詞 | 素食=vegetarian; 佛教醫學=Buddhist Medicine |
| 摘要 | 依行政院衛生署所公布的，87年國人十大死亡原因中，腦血管疾病與心臟疾病分別高居第二與第三名，許多流行病學研究的結果發現素食者比雜食者有較低的心血管疾病罹患率，部分原因可能是素食者本身具較少的心血管疾病危險因子，如血脂肪異常. 高血壓. 吸煙. 肥胖與飽和脂肪酸攝取過多等. 近年來許多結果發現血中的同半胱胺酸 (Homocysteine，Hcy ) 也是心血管疾病的一個獨立危險因子. 至於素食者血中同半胱胺酸的濃度，及此濃度與影響其代謝的維生素B6. B12. 葉酸間的關係並不清楚. 故我們在花蓮地區招募了90位，平均年齡約37歲的女性受試者，包括全素或奶素者45位，與雜食者45位，探討體位. 營養狀況. 血液生化分析，與體內同半胱胺酸濃度的改變，及其受維生素B6. B12，與葉酸濃度調控的情形. 同時也比較素食者與雜食者，血中胺基酸濃度的差異. 用24小時回憶法及飲食頻率問卷法，求出受試者營養素的攝取量. 結果發現： 素食組的體重. 腰圍. 臀圍.三頭肌皮脂肪厚度. 上臂圍與收縮壓，顯著地低於雜食組. 每日的總熱量. 蛋白質. 油脂. 飽和脂肪酸. 膽固醇. 維生素B2與菸鹼酸的攝取量，也顯著地較雜食組為低. 血漿總膽固醇.三酸甘油脂. 飯前血糖. 尿素氮. 尿酸與鐵蛋白濃度也是素食組較低. 至於，血漿葉酸與同半胱胺酸濃度，則是素食組顯著高於雜食組，維生素B12是素食組較低，血漿維生素B6的濃度，在兩組無顯著的差異. 血清胺基酸分析結果顯示alanine，arginine，hydroxyproline，valine，isoleucine，leucine與lysine在素食組顯著的低於雜食組，而glycine，ornithine則顯著的高於雜食組. 相關分析(correlation analysis ) 發現 只有在素食組其血漿同半胱胺酸濃度與維生素B12. 葉酸有顯著的負相關性; 此外在素食 組中，血漿同半胱胺酸濃度與threonine，lysine，arginine與L-cystine也有顯著的負相 關性. 以血中同半胱胺酸濃度為應變數 (dependent variable )，飲食型態 (素食或雜食 ). 血漿維生素B6. B12. 葉酸與肌酸酐的濃度為自變數 (independent variable )，由複迴歸分析(multiple regression analysis ) 的結果得知：飲食型態. 血漿葉酸與維生素B12的濃度可做為血漿中同半胱胺酸濃度的預測指標. 由本實驗得知素食組血漿中的同半胱胺酸濃度是顯著高於雜食組. 此結果似是指出素食會增加罹患心臟病的危險性，但素食在本實驗也同時降低其其心臟病危險因子，如血壓. 血糖. 血脂肪等，則是有保護的效果. 就素食整體而言，它是否會降低罹患心血管疾病的機率，及它如何影響不同的心血管疾病危險因子的機轉，仍待進一步的研究，可讓我們知道如何吃素且吃得更健康. [摘要] Department of Health in Taiwan reported that cerebrovascular and cardiovascular iseases(CVD ) were the second and the third of the top ten leading causes of mortality in Taiwan，in 1998. Epidemiological studies found a lower morbidity for CVD in vegetarians than in omnivores partially due to a decrease in risk factors for CVD such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension，cigarette smoking，obesity or excessive intake of saturated fatty acid in vegetarians. The elevated blood homocysteine(Hcy ) level is now widely considered as another independent risk factor for cardiovascular，cerebrovascular，and peripheral vascular diseases. It is not clear whether vegetarian diets have any effects on blood Hcy levels as well as on its regulatory factors such as vitamin B6，B12 and folate status. Therefore we investigated this question in vegetarian subjects resided in Hualien，Taiwan. In this study，we recruited premenopausal female subjects aged 30-45 years without any history of CVD，diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, renal disease and medications. In tota, 45 vegans or lacto-vegetarians and 45 omnivores were selected to evaluate the effects of the diets on their anthropometry，nutrients intake，nutritional status, plasma Hcy,vitamin B6. B12. folate and plasma amino acids concentrations. Semi-frequency questionnaire and 24 hour-recall were used for dietary assessments. A significantly lower body weight，systolic blood pressure，mid-arm circumference，and triceps skin fold were observed in vegetarian group than in omnivorous group. Daily intakes of total calories, protein，fat，saturated fatty acid，cholesterol，vitamin B2，and niacin in vegetarian were lower than those in omnivorous counterpart. Plasma total protein，cholesterol，triglyceride，blood urea nitrogen，uric acid，fasting glucose，and ferritin were significantly lower in the vegetarian group. Plasma Hcy and folate levels were significantly higher while plasma vitamin B12 level was significantly lower in the vegetarian group. There was no significant difference in vitamin B6 level between two groups. Analysis for amino acid profile revealed that serum concentrations of alanine，arginine，hydroxyproline，valine，isoleucine，leucine，and lysine were significantly lower，but glycine and ornithine were significantly higher in vegetarian group than those in omnivorous group. In vegetarian，but not in omnivorous group，plasma Hcy levels were negatively correlated with plasma vitamin B12 and folate ; and with serum threonine，lysine，arginine and L-cystine concentrations. Multiple regression analysis showed that dietary pattern，plasma folate and vitamin B12 levels were good predictors for plasma Hcy level. Our present study showed that Taiwanese vegetari |
| 點閱次數 | 746 |
| 建檔日期 | 2000.11 |
| 更新日期 | 2015.07.31 |
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