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| Nagarjuna Then and Now | ||
| 作者 | McCagney, Nancy |
|---|---|
| 出版日期 | 1991 |
| 出版者 | University of California |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.ucsb.edu/ |
| 出版地 | Santa Barbara, CA, US [聖巴巴拉, 加利福尼亞州, 美國] |
| 資料類型 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 學位類別 | 博士 |
| 校院名稱 | University of California, Santa Barbara |
| 指導教授 | Smart, Ninian |
| 畢業年度 | 1991 |
| 附註項 | 445 |
| 關鍵詞 | Indian Buddhism |
| 摘要 | This study uses historical and philosophical methods to analyze the orthodoxy of Nagarjuna's works in comparison with the Pali Canon recension of the teachings of the Buddha and the Theravada commentaries. It concludes his works are consistent in spirit with the Pali Buddha Dharma and with some Theravada commentaries. The major departure from the Pali tradition was Nagarjuna's new use of the term sunyata (openness), which he drew from the imagery of akasa (the sky or space, which is vast, luminous and without boundaries or limits) in the early Mahayana texts. This new use implied the equivalence of samsara and nirvana (ordinary life and liberation) and enabled Nagarjuna to elucidate, through a deeper analysis of impermanence, a consistent philosophical foundation for the truth and efficacy of Gautama's Middle Way (mulamadhyamaka). Nagarjuna argued change would be impossible and the teachings of Gautama contradicted if any changing event (dharma), such as suffering, was permanent. He argued that events are like space: they do not exist and they do not not exist. Just as space lacks boundaries, samsara becomes nirvana because each lacks a distinguishing or determinate (animitta) nature. However, Nagarjuna's arguments against essence paradoxically imply essence because they are based on the concept of space, which is itself paradoxical. Is space a nothing which exists or a something which does not exist? Events lack a nature and thus have a nature, namely no-nature. The sunyatavada paradox and the equivalence of samsara and nirvana contain the concept of Buddha-nature, later elaborated in China, in premiss form. Nagarjuna says in a hymn that the nature of the Buddha is activity. The paradox produced considerable debate and, with the rise of new sutra-s, new schools. Finally the study considers modern scholarship on Nagarjuna and finds that Kantian, positivist and Wittgensteinian analyses are all viable. Although modern scholarship has been the projection of Western philosophical ideas onto Indian texts, comparative studies have attempted to find a dialectic, a common philosophy upon which Buddhists and those trained in Western philosophy can agree. The excess involved in such impositions has been corrected by the international scholarly conversation on Buddhism. |
| 點閱次數 | 78 |
| 建檔日期 | 2000.01.29 |
| 更新日期 | 2016.04.11 |
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