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| Chinese Ch'an (Zen) Buddhist Monasticism and Its Teaching | ||
| 作者 | Wu, Chao-ti |
|---|---|
| 出版日期 | 1996 |
| 頁次 | 300 |
| 出版者 | California Institute of Integral Studies |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.ciis.edu |
| 出版地 | San Francisco, CA, US [舊金山, 加利福尼亞州, 美國] |
| 資料類型 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
| 使用語言 | 英文=English |
| 學位類別 | 博士 |
| 校院名稱 | California Institute of Integral Studies |
| 系所名稱 | Philosophy and Religion |
| 指導教授 | Wu, Yi |
| 畢業年度 | 1996 |
| 關鍵詞 | CH'AN; ZEN; BUDDHIST MONASTICISM; CHINESE BUDDHISM |
| 摘要 | This study investigates and analyzes Ch'an monastic development during the T'ang and Sung Dynasties. Ch'an masters developed a monastic system unique in the history of world Buddhism, different in important respects from the Indian Vinaya brought into China, but maintaining lines of continuity. Ch'an monasticism succeeded in China because Ch'an masters realistically approached the problem of adapting Buddhism into a Chinese cultural milieu with strong ethics of work and filial piety, and that of developing a niche for Buddhism beside the indigenous Confucian and Taoist traditions. Their solution was both internal, in a redefinition of Buddhist ideals together with a program for economic self-sufficiency, and external, in a successful campaign to win social and political support. The study traces also the political fortunes of Buddhism in general and the Ch'an School in particular, from royal patronage in the pre- and early T'ang periods, through the late T'ang period persecutions, and stabilization in the Sung period. Unique methods of Ch'an survival developed from Ch'an doctrines of iconoclasm and antinomianism, and the treatment of labor as spiritual practice. The character and development of the monastic Pure Rule (Ch'ing-Kuei), both textually and practically, forms the backbone of this study. Considerable attention is given to the Ch'an master Pai-Chang (749-814), the most important monastic reformer in the history of Chinese Buddhism, but also to the contributions of his teacher, the Ch'an master Ma-Tsu (709-788), and to the Ch'an master Te-Hui, whose Pure Rule of Pai-Chang Re-edited under Imperial Decree was published in 1336 under the auspicies of the Yuan Dynasty Emperor Shun-Ti. The textual genealogies of the Pure Rule and personal lineages of its transmission are described in detail. The bureaucratic apparatus of the Ch'an monastery is and the monastic precepts underpinning the institution are examined closely. Monastic living embodies a number of ethical ideals, both individual and social. The study traces the place of sila, good conduct, in the Ch'an ethical vision, and the abbot as the highest ethical embodiment. The ethical implications of competing Ch'an pedagogues, particularly the gradualist and immediatist approaches to enlightenment are considered, as are some of the ethical shortcomings of the application of Ch'an doctrines of no-thought. The study concludes that Ch'an monasticism's ethical strength lay not so much in its doctrines and texts, but in its functioning as a model of egalitarian, democratic society. |
| 點閱次數 | 300 |
| 建檔日期 | 1998.04.28 |
| 更新日期 | 2016.03.31 |
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