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| Three Generations of Eminent Nuns in Vietnam=傑出越南比丘尼 -- 三代紀事 | ||
| 作者 | De Vido, Elise |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | 國際佛教善女人大會（第11屆）=Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women(11th) |
| 出版日期 | 2009.12.28 |
| 出版者 | Sakyadhita: the international association of buddhist women |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.sakyadhita.org/ |
| 出版地 | HCM City, Vietnam [胡志明市, 越南] |
| 資料類型 | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
| 使用語言 | 中文=Chinese; 英文=English |
| 附註項 | 會議地點：越南胡志明市；時間：2009.12.18 - 2010.01.03；大會主題：傑出的女性修行者與典範=Eminent Buddhist Women |
| 摘要 | Since the 12th century, Vietnam has had a long tradition of bhikkhuni. However, opportunities to obtain education and training remained scarce for nuns until the early 20th-century, when Buddhist reformers in Vietnam, China, and other Asian nations advocated the education and systematic training of nuns, encouraging them to teach, write, and publish. Although both nuns and laywomen played crucial roles throughout 20th-century Vietnamese Buddhism, no Lives of Eminent Nuns in Vietnam akin to Ven. Dong Bon’s Biographies of Twentieth-Century Eminent Monks has yet been published. This paper will introduce nuns from one prominent lineage. This lineage begins with one of Vietnam’s most eminent nuns in the 20th century, Ven. Dieu Khong (1905-1997) from Hue. Over her long and active life, she built the first nunnery in Hue (Dieu Duc), followed by the building of more nunneries and schools for nuns. She was a well-known poet, edited and translated many works, founded a Buddhist publishing house, founded orphanages and undertook various charitable works, and helped establish Van Hanh University in Ho Chi Minh City. In addition to serving as the abbot of several pagodas, she held Buddhist administrative posts in Hue and on the regional and national levels. The paper then turns to Ven. Dieu Khong’s outstanding disciple, Ven. Tri Hai (1928-2003). Ven. Tri Hai was also born in Hue and became a prolific scholar and translator of over 64 works, including a Pali-English-Vietnamese dictionary, and works introducing Tibetan Buddhism as well as contemporary philosophers such as Gandhi, Krishnamurti, Tagore, and Erich Fromm. She also spent much time and energy carrying out numerous charitable activities. Her life was tragically cut short in a car accident while returning from one of her philanthropic endeavors. The third part of the paper considers Tri Hai’s disciples Tue Dung and Tue Nguyen, how they are carrying on their master’s charitable activities, and the progress of their own projects today. 儘管自西元十二世紀開始，越南便有女性出家成為比丘尼的久遠傳統，但一直以來，比丘尼接受完善教育和訓練的機會是少之又少；直到二十世紀初，越南、中國和亞洲其他國家的許多佛教傳統改革運動領袖，才開始提倡比丘尼接受教育和系統化訓練，鼓勵比丘尼從事教學、寫作和出版著作。雖然比丘尼和女性在家居士在二十世紀的越南佛教傳統中，扮演了異常重要的角色，然而，相較於東朋大師(音譯：Ven. Dong Bon)已出版的《二十世紀傑出比丘生平傳記》(Biographies of Twentieth-Century Eminent Monks)，傑出越南比丘尼的生平傳記在坊間卻尚未有所見聞。 本文將針對越南重要傳承之一的比丘尼作一介紹。此傳承的創始者為越南二十世紀最尊貴傑出的比丘尼大師之一：來自順化(Hue)的度空大師(音譯：Ven. Dieu Khong, 1905-1997)。空大師於其長壽且活躍的一生中，創建了順化的第一座尼寺「笛鄔度寺」(音譯 Dieu Duc Temple)，之後又建立了許多座尼寺和比丘尼學校。空大師不僅是著名的詩人，其編輯和翻譯作品亦多不勝數；她更創立了一家佛教出版社、孤兒院，也從事各類慈善事業，並協助成立位於胡志明市的「萬行大學」(Van Hanh University)。空大師除了是好幾座寺院的住持以外，也負責順化地區的佛教行政事務工作，並且處理地區與涉及國際層面上的一些事務。 緊接著，本文將焦點轉向空大師極為傑出的一位弟子：智海大師 (Ven. Tri Hai, 1928-2003)。智海大師誕生於順化，後來成為一位多產的學者和譯師，作品達64種之多，其中包含一部巴英越大辭典、介紹藏傳佛教的諸多書籍，還有介紹當代哲學家如：甘地(Gandhi)、克裡希納穆提(Krishnamurti)、泰戈爾(Tagore)與佛洛姆(Erich Fromm)的眾多著作。智海大師亦投注許多時間和心力於眾多慈善活動中；在一次慈善活動的回程中，智海法師不幸遭遇車禍，意外辭世。 本文第三部分所關注的是智海大師的兩位弟子：圖東法師(音譯：Ven. Tue Dung)及圖阮法師(音譯：Ven. Tue Nguyen)，其中描述到兩位法師如何承繼發揚上師的慈善事業，並介紹她們自己目前正在進行的工作計畫。 |
| 點閱次數 | 1224 |
| 建檔日期 | 2010.01.15 |
| 更新日期 | 2015.08.18 |
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