| 摘要 | 台灣宗教活動蓬勃發展，以佛教而言，發展至今有佛光山、慈濟、法鼓山、中台山的四大道場。其中以佛光山發展最早，對台灣佛教有相當的影響。本研究追本溯源，以佛光山開山宗長星雲法師的生命史與宗教史作為研究對象，採用歷史法，針對星雲法師所撰寫的回憶錄為主要研究資料，並以其傳記為輔。將其生命史以人類發展史之分期，分為兒童期、青年期、成年期、中年期及老年期。在各時期中，從心裡、社會、文化三個層面分析生命歷程中的心理狀態、社會脈絡的發展、社會網絡的消長及文化上的影響，試圖從中了解促成星雲法師皈信的因素；並從青年期出家之後，如何進行宗教上的奉獻。研究結果發現：（一）家境貧寒、戰火連年、父親於戰爭中失蹤，無形中產生緊張與心理壓力。（二）以佛教的因果、業力來解釋戰亂所造成的慘狀。（三）親近外婆而接觸佛教，因出家人的法相莊嚴而發願出家。（四）隨母尋父，無意中促成出家因緣。（五）出家後與家人感情連帶關係漸淡，轉而視師父為父母，師兄弟為手足。（六）透過師父的教導，寺院生活與佛法的接觸，佛學院教育的學習，以及自我對學佛求道的親身體驗，使星雲法師成為宗教的傳播者。（七）星雲法師於中年期之前，配合所處團體或接觸的團體從事奉獻；中年期之後，因為擁有自己的道場，用自己的意見理想來進行奉獻。（八）嚴師與嚴格的叢林教育，讓星雲法師更珍惜師長與道友的關懷；提供許多團體，使各層級的人們有更多的機會接觸佛教增加互動，以達到弘法利生。（九）叢林生活、戒場與師父嚴格要求，使星雲法師破除我執、法執；佛法的深遠宏大，使星雲法師的以自修並弘法利生。
As many religions are highly developed in Taiwan, taking Buddhism for example, until now there are 4 major branch : Foguangshan, Ciji, Fagushan, and Zhongtaishan. The earliest developed is Foguangshan, and it affects Taiwanese Buddhism deeply. The client of the study is Master Xingun, the founder of Foguangshan. The study focuses on his life and religious history with the historical method. The major materials are from Master Xingun’s memoir, and his biography is subordinate. The life is divided into the childhood, the youth, the adult, and the senior, according to the human developmental history. Among them, the psychology of his life term, the development of the society, the growth and decline of the society network, and the influence over the culture are analyzed. Moreover, these are tried to understand, why was he converted to be Buddhism? and how did he devote himself to the religion after beening a young monk ? The findings of the research are presented as follow: 1)The Master was nervous and stressed because of the poor family, the years of war, and his father's missing in the wars. 2)The Master explained the misery of the war by the Buddhism's cause and effect. 3)The Master stared to know Buddhism because he was close to his grandmother, and then he became a monk due to the monk's dignified looking. 4)The Master had been the monk accidentally when he followed his mother to look for his father. 5)After not close to the family, the Master treated his masters as the parents, and the junior and senior fellows as the brothers. 6)The Master became the propagator of Buddhism by the master's teaching, contacting the monastic life and Buddhism, learning from the education of the Buddhism college, and the experience with studying Buddhism. 7)Before his mid-life, he cooperated or devoted himself closely with the Buddhist group. After his mid-life, with his own Buddhist rite, he devoted himself more than before to his ideal. 8)With the strict Buddhism education, the Master more cherished the care and concern of the masters and the Buddhists. Furthermore, he provided many opportunities to lead to interactions among all kinds of people, hoping to propagate Buddhism and to benefit people. 9)With the strict Buddhist life and demanding, the Master got rid of the restrictions on himself and the rules. With the magnificent Buddha dharma, he could study by himself to spread Buddhism and help people. |
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