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| ニカーヤにおける修行道の相互関係 -- 四念処と七覚支および八聖道との比較研究=A Comparative Study of the Relationship between the Four Foundations of Mindfulness, the Seven Factors of Awakening, and the Noble Eightfold Path as Described in the Nikāyas | ||
| 作者 | ビック ターナヴットー |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | インド哲学仏教学研究=インド テツガク ブッキョウガク ケンキュウ=Studies of Indian Philosophy and Buddhism, Tokyo University |
| 卷期 | v.5 |
| 出版日期 | 1998.03 |
| 頁次 | 3 - 17 |
| 出版者 | 東京大学インド哲学仏教学研究室=Dpt. Of Indian Philosophy and Buddhist Studies, Tokyo University |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/intetsu/index.html |
| 出版地 | 東京, 日本 [Tokyo, Japan] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 日文=Japanese |
| 摘要 | In ” The Eightfold Path and the Ten Asekhadhammas in the Nikāyas ” (Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies, Vol. XLIV, No.2, pp.876-878), the present author examined the relationship between the Eightfold Path and the Ten Asekhadhammas, concluding that as methodologies of practice neither of these two sets of teachings were more advanced than the other. The Eightfold Path was rather a path of practice while the Ten Asekhaddhammas were the aim of such practice. Furthermore, in ” The Practical Methodology of the Eightfold Path and Threefold Training Described in the Nikāyas ” (Studies in Indian Philosophy and Buddhism [Tokyo University] , No.4, pp.3-15) the author examined the principles of practising the Eightfold Path as a path towards Enlightenment and compared these with the Threefold Training, concluding that in fact both sets of teachings represent the same principles of practice. The two sets of teachings were distinct only because the process of the Threefold Training was described as a graduated series of deepening steps, while the Eightfold Path is divided clearly into 'defiled' (lokiya) and 'transcendental' (lokuttara) levels and is described instead as a helical path of practice, where the practitioner spirals deeper and deeper, with each additional cycle of the Eightfold Path. Further to these two papers, the object of the present research is to examine the relationship between the Four Foundations of Mindfulness, the Seven Factors of Awakening and the Noble Eightfold Path in order to clarify the process of practice towards Enlightenment in Buddhist Teaching. A comparison of materials from the Suttanta supported the following conclusions: 1. Practice according to the principle of the Seven Factors of Awakening shows itself to be a progressive process of overcoming each of the Five Hindrances (nivara?a), which fits into the processes of practice according to both the principles of the Four Foundations of Mindfulness and the principle of Right Concentration (Four Jhānas). 2. Practice according to the Seven Factors of Awakening and the Four Foundations of Enlightenment, by content, accords with the principles of the Four Jhānas and wisdom (Right View at the lokuttara level) that arises from practising the Four Jhānas. 3. Practice according to the Eightfold Path relies upon seclusion (viveka), dispassion (virāga), cessation (nirodha) and ripening in release (vossagga), which accords with the principles of practice described in the Seven Factors of Awakening. 4. When practice has covered all of the elements of the Noble Eightfold Path, the Four Foundations of Mindfulness and the Seven Factors of Awakening will be fulfilled too. 5. Practice according to different principles, no matter whether it means following the Noble Eightfold Path, the Four Foundations of Mindfulness or the Seven Factors of Awakening, will all lead to the same or similar results. In conclusion, practice according to the Four Foundations of Mindfulness and the Seven Factors of Awakening is not different from practising the Noble Eightfold Path. Rather they follow the practice of the Noble Eightfold Path at the level of Right Concentration (Four Jhānas) and Right View at the lokuttara level. (The Noble Eightfold Path at the lokuttara level incorporates the simultaneous practice of all eight elements of the Eightfold Path, and therefore practice of the Noble Eightfold Path at the level of Right View at the lokuttara level means practice of all eight elements of the Eightfold Path at the lokuttara level.) Also, practice according to the Seven Factors of Awakening is practice according to the Four Foundations of Mindfulness. However, the Seven Factors of Awakening have more subdivisions in order to explain the mechanism of how concentration (samādhi) and wisdom (paññā) influence and support one another on the path toward Enlightenment. |
| ISSN | 09197907 (P) |
| 點閱次數 | 876 |
| 建檔日期 | 2008.11.25 |
| 更新日期 | 2021.08.31 |
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