佛教音樂創作=Buddhist Music Creation; 生命轉化=Life Transformation; 生命意義=Life Meaning
摘要
研究者從體認佛教音樂對世人身心靈的安定與淨化力量，進一步探討臺灣佛教音樂創作的社會背景，及近代佛教音樂創作的興起與發展脈絡，期望藉由佛教音樂創作學習者做中學及學中做的學習歷程，瞭解佛教音樂的生命美學與生命轉化的內涵。本研究欲達成之研究目的如下：一、瞭解參與佛教音樂創作過程的學習經驗與體悟。二、瞭解參與佛教音樂創作學習之影響因素。三、瞭解參與佛教音樂創作前後的轉變及對生命的啟發。四、瞭解參與佛教音樂創作後所發現的生命美學。本論文採用敘事研究法與個案研究法之融合，以個體為單位，共選擇了四位佛教信仰者做為個案研究的對象。對於個案特性的描述，是從音樂創作行為為類型的研究個體。又研究策略包含深度訪談、情境觀察及音樂鑑賞等。本研究運用敘事研究及個案研究的考量因素有二：其一，生命轉化是一種人性化的生命故事研究議題。其二，個案研究的最終目的在於受訪者真正能提供具有研究價值的訊息。由於佛教音樂創作學習者的學習是在自然情境中發展，除了深度訪談外，學員在不同學習情境中的行為、語言及互動是很重要的實地情境觀察資料來源。又本研究的佛教音樂創作作品，必須透由鑑賞做出品質的評論，來瞭解其優劣的檢測，故音樂鑑賞也是研究方法之一。本研究發現＜實踐力＞是活用知識而變成有智慧的行動，可以促成人類生命轉識成智的因素；又人的＜意志力＞是可以持續長久於定心境界，是自我超越動力的來源；覺性智慧就是體悟在每一個當下存在的意義，是開啟生命意義之鑰；而佛教音樂創作學習者所積極追求的是＜空美＞生命美學意境。又生命意義實踐有其時間先後順序，並且每個階段性的目標不同，一旦開始後就會持續下去… 。又人生選擇佛教音樂創作經驗的詮釋，端看個體是否會提出「積極面」問題。對於佛教音樂教學之倡導，是有助於心靈體驗與意義實踐。又佛教教義美、文學美、音樂美是有同工異曲的生命美學，可以齊致謳歌。從佛教音樂創作學習者的生命體驗中，感知佛教音樂＜空美＞、＜有美＞之生命意境，重建對於生命美學的認識。本研究的貢獻：對於中國歷代佛教音樂發展的型態與觀念更加清晰。為了再深入探討與發展，必須重建佛教與佛教音樂發展之相關理論概念。又本研究中瞭解佛教音樂創作也是延續文化發展的方法之一，能有效提供佛教音樂生命美學意境之學習，與體驗生命意義之實踐，故建立佛教音樂學術體系之研究，是未來待突破之處。本研究對於學術的建議：將佛教音樂創作納入教育課程，培養更多創作專業人才。又為達多元與普遍發展，建置佛教音樂創作比賽平臺，將比賽優質作品製作為佛教音樂藝術文本與有聲教材，並推行佛教音樂合唱比賽，提供教育傳承與文化保存。關於後續研究方法，建議以各種不同團體背景之佛教音樂創作學習者為研究對象，或許又有新的發現，仍值得再深入探討與研究。 This study attempts to explore the social background of Buddhist music creation in Taiwan and the development of Buddhist music creation in modern times. This exploration proceeds through an awareness of how Buddhist music stabilizes and purifies the body and soul, as well as how students of Buddhist music creation are expected to experience the true meaning of life aesthetics and transformation. The writer wishes to achieve the following purposes: 1. To understand the learning experience and enlightenment during Buddhist music creation. 2. To understand the influence factors of Buddhist music creation. 3. To understand the transformation before and after Buddhist music creation and its inspiration on life. 4. To understand the life aesthetics found after Buddhist music creation. This study adopted a combination of narrative methodology and case studies, focused on individuals, and four Buddhists were chosen as case study objects. The description of case study characteristics sprang from the music-creation behavior type of the research individuals. The study’s strategies included in-depth interviews, situational observation, music appreciation, among other methods. This study adopted a narrative methodology and case study approach for the following two reasons: 1. Life transformation is a research issue in human beings’ life stories; 2. The ultimate goal of case studies is for interviewees to offer information of real research value. Because an examination of students of Buddhist music creation takes place in a natural setting, the learners’ behaviors, language expressions, and interactions in different learning settings are also important data resources, in addition to in-depth interviews. In this study, Buddhist music creation was reviewed through appreciation of its quality; appreciation is also a research method. This research found that “realization” is the intelligent action of applying knowledge flexibly, which is an element in facilitating human life’s transformation from knowledge to intelligence; “willpower” is staying in a calm state for a long time, which is the power source of surmounting oneself; “intelligence” in sensing nature is realizing the significance that exists in each moment, which is the key to opening life’s significance; and what students of Buddhist music creation pursue actively is the ideal life aesthetic condition of “beauty in nothingness” (kongmei). Realization of life meanings proceeds chronologically and each stage has different goals. Once it begins, it then goes on and on. Besides, interpretation of Buddhist music creation experience depends on whether the individual will propose “active” questions. Promotion of Buddhist music by teaching helps in mind experiencing and meaning practicing. Beauty in Buddhist doctrine, beauty in literature, and beauty in music and art are all lif
