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| 佛經詞語考釋四則=Annotations on Four Words in Chinese Buddhist Scriptures | ||
| 作者 | 汪維輝 (著)=Wang, Wei-hui (au.) |
|---|---|
| 出處題名 | 浙江大學學報(人文社會科學版)=Journal of Zhejiang University (Humanities and Social Sciences) |
| 卷期 | n.5 |
| 出版日期 | 2005 |
| 頁次 | 157 - 162 |
| 出版者 | 浙江大學 |
| 出版者網址 | http://www.zju.edu.cn/ |
| 出版地 | 杭州, 中國 [Hangzhou, China] |
| 資料類型 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
| 使用語言 | 中文=Chinese |
| 關鍵詞 | 佛經=Chinese Buddhist scriptures; 詞匯=lexicon; 考釋=annotation; 訓詁學=philology; 漢語詞匯史=history of Chinese lexicon; 中古漢語=Medieval Chinese |
| 摘要 | 解釋疑難詞語是漢譯佛經語言研究的一項基礎工作,雖然已經取得了很大的成績,但有待考釋的詞語仍不在少數。考釋一個詞語不僅要求得確詁,而且應該力圖探明其得義之由。“臭處”在佛經中用作形容詞和名詞,相當於“臭穢”,“處”不表義;“目士”是“明目士夫”的簡稱,指明察秋毫之士;“學”在安世高譯經中有“考慮、思量”的意思,“學計”和“計學”是同義連文;“左右”可以用作“大小便”的婉詞,它可能得義於“方便”,跟人類的右利現象有關。 There are many words of special meanings or usage i n the Chinese translations of Buddhist scriptures, which are not usually seen in Chinese literature, and maybe they were invented by interpreters. Although a majority of them have not come into the common language, more than that, many of which have not been widely accepted by the translators of Buddhist scriptures, it i s essential and significant to study these words. Firstly, it is necessary for reading Buddhist scriptures; secondly, it helps the study on lexicology and history of Chinese lexicon. In the author’s opinion , interpreting of words belongs not only to philology , but also to lexicology. It is supposed to consist of two aspects : one is making sure the exact meanings of words ,and the other is finding out their evolution. The aim of the first job is to know what it is, and that of the second is to know why it is. Now we have a large electronic database , which makes the first job efficient and veracious , but it is still hard to do the second job , which , however , is significant to the lexicology. Because it can provide us with materials of unique value that reflect many meaningful phenomena , these phenomena represent the change of words in the context in which Buddhist scriptures are translated into Chinese. This paper attempts to make philological studies of the four words from early translations of the Sutra , arranged by alphabet , while giving their origin and motivation. The conclusion of the annotations is as follows :(1) 〃Chou chu〃(臭處) , used as an adjective and noun in the Sutra , has the same meaning as 〃chouhui〃(臭穢) , and 〃chu〃(處) is of no meaning. (2) 〃Mushi〃(目士) is the short form of 〃mingmu shifu〃(明目士夫) ,referring to the person who is perceptive of the minutest detail . (3) 〃Xue〃(學) can be explained as 〃consider〃 in the Chinese version of the Sutra translated by An Shih2kao. 〃Xue〃(學) and〃ji〃(計) used in the words 〃xueji〃(學計) and 〃jixue〃(計學) are synonyms which are set together , and they are equivalent in meaning to 〃xue〃(學) . And (4) 〃zuoyou〃(左右) , the euphemism for 〃relief of the bowels〃, may get this meaning from 〃fangbian〃(方便) , and it can be related to people’s thinking that 〃right〃is more convenient . As space is limited , we reduced the number of cited examples. If readers want to know further , they can search more examples from electronic Buddhist scriptures (Tripitaka) . |
| ISSN | 1008942X (P) |
| 點閱次數 | 415 |
| 建檔日期 | 2008.08.20 |
| 更新日期 | 2020.04.21 |
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