Study of History, and the Buddhism：An Examination Based on the Ritual of the Eight Precepts of Purity=佛教與歷史的研究：一個對清淨八戒之儀式的檢視

Tejima, Isshin (著)=手島一真 (au.)

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		Study of History, and the Buddhism：An Examination Based on the Ritual of the Eight Precepts of Purity=佛教與歷史的研究：一個對清淨八戒之儀式的檢視

Author	Tejima, Isshin (著)=手島一真 (au.)
Source	The Fourth Chung Hwa International Conference on Buddhism: The Role of Buddhism in the 21st Century=第四屆中華國際佛學會議 -- 「佛教與廿一世紀」
Date	2002.01.19
Pages	9
Publisher	中華佛學研究所=The Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies
Location	臺北縣, 臺灣 [Taipei hsien, Taiwan]
Content type	會議論文=Proceeding Article
Language	英文=English
Note	The Fourth Chung Hwa International Conference on Buddhism：The Role of Buddhism in the 21st Century, Organized by Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies, DDMBA; January 18-20, 2002, Auditorium of Acemic Activity Center, Acemia Sinica. 第四屆中華國際佛學會議 -- 「佛教與廿一世紀」, 法鼓山中華佛學研究所主辦, 2002年1月18-20日, 中央研究院學術活動中心.
Keyword	Buddhism in 21st Century=佛教與廿一世紀
Abstract	The Buddhism is the best guide to teaching how we should live at the present time. On the other hand，how the guide was accepted at the past time，or how the past men lived with the guide of Buddhism，we should know those things as another best guide for watching the state of our Buddhism closely. I studied history till now mainly. The academic discipline aims at investigating what was or how did in past time，empirically. Making clear a thing，even if it looks like a trivial，can be an important part for expressing the whole image. If a thing appears to be unimportant，it reflects indirectly the states or the circumstances of the age very much. Now，it prosper that the detailed studies than the expressing the whole form on Chinese pre-modern history in Japan. It maybe due to the situation of bringing the new sources to historian，and due to the undisposed condition of the sources yet. But there are often some hints to guess the whole image of the age in the details. "殷鑑不遠" the studying history is the understanding how the men thought and acted at past，and can be a mirror as the guide in our time，it means that the history includes good precepts as same as the Buddhism in the end. Studying "the history of the Buddhism" means to pursue the effect doubly，and can become to the way of understanding the Buddhism systematically. The Buddhism produced many kinds of teaching and faith that means the thought of people have gone through change. Surely there are some unchanging affairs, however we realize that anything cannot avoid change by a viewpoint of historical span. Is that just "無常"? We can only say that the affairs, which have kept old styles durably from pre-modern times have been needed by people in history. At this academic meeting，I will present an affair，which is based on individual self-examinations of people，and which make participants kept the faith, as "八關齋戒". [This ceremony is composed by eight precepts to which laymen and women agree to adhere on specific days of the month：1. Not to take life. 2. Not to steal. 3. To refrain from all sexual activity. 4. Not to deceive. 5. Not to drink anything intoxicating. 6. To keep away from perfume，dancing，and the theater. 7. Not to sit or sleep in an adorned chair. 8. Not to eat after the noon hour.] I will consider a case in the middle T'ang period when the Buddhist order was controlled by political power. 佛教是指導我們如何生活在現代的最佳指南. 另一方面，此指南如何在過去被接受? 或，以前的人如何依著佛教生活? 我們應要瞭解這些事，以作為詳察我們佛教現狀的另一個最佳指南. 過去至今個人一直研究歷史; 而學術的規範是設定在實證性地研究過去發生何事，及如何發生上. 弄清楚一件事 -- 即使它看起來不怎麼有意義，可以是表達全體樣貌的一個重要部分. 假如一件事情看來似乎不重要，它仍然間接地反映出這個時代的狀況與環境. 目前，日本在中國近代史的細節研究超過於僅表達其整體形式. 這可能是歷史學家獲得了新資料之緣故，及資料本身的懸而未決. 但經常會有一些線索，能在細節上揣度出這時代的全體樣貌. "殷鑑不遠" 是指研究歷史是在理解過去的人如何思考及活動，並且能做我們今時的借鏡. 它顯示了歷史如同佛教，最終是包含著良善道德的. 研究 "佛教歷史" 表示要對其影響不斷地懷疑，且要能系統性的成理解佛教的方式. 佛教創造了很多種類的教法與信仰，這意味著人的思想是隨變化而走的. 當然會有一些不變的事，但我們知道：經由歷史性的間隔觀點，任何事都不能免於改變. 那只是 "無常" 嗎? 我們只能說：這些從近代一直固定保持著古老型態的事，曾在歷史中為人們所需. 在這次學術會議中，筆者將提出一份報告; 它是基於人們個人的自我檢視，而這個報告讓參與者持守 "八關齋戒". [這個儀式由八戒所構成，在家男女須在一個月的特別幾天中，持守：1. 不殺生 2. 不偷盜 3. 不淫慾 4. 不妄語 5. 不飲酒 6. 不著香，歌舞，觀戲 7. 不坐臥莊嚴華麗的床椅 8. 過午不食.] 筆者將討論當佛教僧團被政治力量控制中唐時期的一個例子.
Table of contents	1. The Ritual and the Buddhist Precepts 2. A Source of the Buddhist Ritual Celebration in T'ang 唐 Period and the Background 3. Concluding Remarks
Hits	511
Created date	2002.02.15
Modified date	2016.08.18

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